Sending Quiz Question Details to an LMS?

If the learner only needs to complete one quiz, I would use the second option you mentioned: a quiz with a Results slide in each scene. 

Be sure each quiz is labeled as a Final Assessment. 

Also verify that every quiz is listed in Tracking Options when you publish for the LMS. This image below just shows two finals. Your screen should show all three of your results slides:

As the highlighted text in the above image indicates, the data from first quiz completed will be reported to the LMS. 

Verify with the LMS folks which settings you should use for LMS Reporting and for Output Options. 

• The output option impacts what data is sent. Here's more info: https://access.articulate.com/support/article/quiz-data-sent-to-an-lms-in-articulate-storyline 

How you pull the data depends on the LMS. Talk to those folks. 

Note: You can also test your course in the SCORM CLOUD. If it works there, but not in your LMS, then you know the issue is LMS specific.