Delay Visited State to show star icon + 1

When an object has a Visited state, it will always change to Visited as soon as it is clicked. That's built-in functionality. 

If you want to indicate which buttons have been clicked based on whether the user has completed content on another slide, you need to use variables and conditional triggers. Here are a few notes:

• A "when variable changes" trigger will only run if the variable changes on the same slide as the trigger. 
• A "when the timeline starts on this slide" trigger will run every time the user visits a slide. That's true even if the slide is set to "Resume saved state." So this "when" is useful when you want something to happen when a user returns to a slide. Use conditions to control whether the trigger's action will be performed.

These resources might help: 

• TIP: Create a Custom Menu Slide | Articulate - Community
• The Value of Variables | Articulate - Community
• Storyline 360: Working with Triggers

I also highly recommend that you give all objects meaningful names. That makes development and troubleshooting easier. Personally, I don't bother trying to troubleshoot slides with default names...